In modern HVAC systems, condensers are responsible for releasing absorbed heat into another medium—usually air or water. Water-cooled condensers, particularly single-sided (or single-pass) designs, are popular in commercial and industrial applications where water availability and thermal efficiency are critical.
This article explores the types, functions, and advantages of single-sided water-cooled condensers, highlighting Clivet’s high-efficiency and compact solutions for the most demanding cooling requirements.
What is a Single-Sided Water-Cooled Condenser?
A single-sided or single-pass condenser is a type of water-cooled heat exchanger where water enters from one side of the condenser and exits from the opposite end, completing only one linear pass through the heat exchange tubes.
Key Features:
- Compact size
- Simplified design
- Stable water flow and temperature drop
- Lower fouling tendency
These units are especially suitable for moderate-capacity chillers and modular systems, where space optimization and ease of maintenance are critical.
Main Types of Single-Sided Water-Cooled Condensers
Shell and Tube Condensers
These are the most common type, consisting of a cylindrical shell with water tubes running inside.
Advantages:
- High efficiency
- Long service life
- Easy to inspect and clean
Clivet Application:
Clivet incorporates shell-and-tube condensers in its modular water-cooled chillers and heat recovery systems, ensuring stable performance even in heavy-duty environments.
Plate Heat Exchanger Condensers (PHE)
These use stacked metal plates to transfer heat efficiently between refrigerant and water.
Advantages:
- Extremely compact design
- High heat transfer rate
- Ideal for small plant rooms
Clivet’s Innovation:
Clivet uses Brazed Plate Heat Exchangers (BPHEs) in some of its compact systems. These units offer exceptional space-saving without sacrificing thermal performance.
Coaxial (Tube-in-Tube) Condensers
In this configuration, a smaller tube carrying refrigerant runs inside a larger water-carrying tube.
Advantages:
- Simple construction
- Less prone to internal fouling
- Durable and low maintenance
Where Clivet Uses It:
Coaxial condensers are often found in Clivet’s water-to-water heat pumps for residential and commercial applications, especially in installations requiring silent operation and long-term reliability.
Advantages of Clivet’s Single-Sided Condenser Systems
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European Engineering: All components meet EU standards for safety and efficiency.
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Modularity: Many Clivet systems are modular, allowing easy system expansion and integration.
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Energy Recovery Options: Some condensers are integrated into heat recovery chillers to enhance sustainability.
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Smart Controls: Clivet’s proprietary control systems optimize refrigerant flow, condenser water flow, and system performance in real-time.
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After-Sales Support: Through partners like Atrina, Clivet ensures continued performance with localized support in Iran.
Use Cases and Applications
Clivet’s single-pass water-cooled condenser systems are ideal for:
- Commercial buildings
- Industrial cooling processes
- District cooling plants
- Hospitals and data centers
- HVAC retrofits where limited space is a concern