In large-scale HVAC and refrigeration systems, centrifugal compressors are essential for high-capacity and energy-efficient operation. Known for their ability to move large volumes of refrigerant at low compression ratios, centrifugal compressors are commonly used in chillers, industrial cooling, and district energy systems.
This article explains how centrifugal compressors work, their benefits, key applications, and how Clivet integrates this technology into its advanced HVAC systems.
What is a Centrifugal Compressor?
A centrifugal compressor is a type of dynamic compressor that increases the pressure of refrigerant by converting kinetic energy into potential energy using centrifugal force.
Key Components:
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Impeller (or rotor): Rotates at high speed to accelerate refrigerant outward
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Diffuser: Converts velocity into pressure
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Volute or casing: Directs the refrigerant flow to the condenser
How It Works
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Refrigerant enters the impeller axially.
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The impeller spins at high speed (often 20,000–30,000 RPM), accelerating the refrigerant outward.
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The refrigerant enters the diffuser, where its velocity is converted into pressure.
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Finally, it exits the compressor and flows toward the condenser.
Advantages of Centrifugal Compressors
| Feature | Benefit |
|---|---|
| High Efficiency at Full Load | Ideal for large-scale cooling demands |
| Fewer Moving Parts | Less mechanical wear and lower maintenance |
| Oil-Free Options | Improves heat transfer and lowers lifecycle cost |
| Compact for Capacity | High output with smaller footprint |
| Low Noise and Vibration | Suitable for urban and indoor installations |
Clivet and Centrifugal Compressor Technology
Although Clivet primarily uses scroll, rotary, and screw compressors across its commercial product range, it also integrates centrifugal compressors in custom-engineered or high-capacity chiller solutions, especially for:
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Industrial zones
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District cooling networks
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High-rise buildings
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Airports and hospitals
Key Features in Clivet-Centric Systems:
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Variable-speed centrifugal compressors for better part-load efficiency
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Magnetic bearing technology (in select systems) for oil-free operation
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Integrated smart controls with BMS and remote monitoring
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Use of eco-friendly refrigerants such as R-134a, R-513A, or R-1234ze
Applications of Centrifugal Compressors
Centrifugal compressors are ideal for projects requiring continuous operation, high load variation, and long-term performance reliability:
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District cooling plants
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Universities and hospitals
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Large commercial buildings
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Industrial refrigeration systems
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Data centers
Maintenance and Reliability
Compared to piston or screw compressors, centrifugal units have:
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Fewer wear parts
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Lower oil contamination risk
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Longer service intervals
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Quieter operation
Clivet systems with centrifugal technology are supported by Atrina HVAC Solutions, offering installation, diagnostics, and after-sales service across Iran.