انواع رسیپروکیتینگ Reciprocating

Reciprocating compressors, also known as piston compressors, are among the oldest and most widely used types of compressors in refrigeration and HVAC systems. They function by using pistons to compress refrigerant within a cylinder, making them ideal for applications requiring high pressure in relatively compact spaces.

While more advanced compressors like screw or scroll units dominate larger systems today, reciprocating compressors still play a valuable role—especially in small to medium-sized HVAC systems, backup units, and intermittent duty cycles. Some Clivet systems may include reciprocating compressors in older or modular components, or for specific applications where pulse-based cooling is sufficient.

How a Reciprocating Compressor Works

• A piston moves down, drawing low-pressure refrigerant into the cylinder.

• On the upstroke, the piston compresses the gas.

• The compressed gas exits through a discharge valve.

This back-and-forth (reciprocating) motion gives the compressor its name.

Main Types of Reciprocating Compressors

Open-Type Reciprocating Compressors

• Design: Compressor and motor are separate units.

• Advantages:

  • Easy access for maintenance

  • Can replace motor independently

• Disadvantages:

  • More potential for refrigerant leaks

  • Needs good shaft sealing

• Applications:

  • Industrial HVAC, marine refrigeration

• Clivet Use:

  • Rare; typically replaced by hermetic models in newer systems

Hermetic Reciprocating Compressors

• Design: Compressor and motor enclosed in a welded steel shell.

• Advantages:

  • Compact, sealed, low maintenance

  • Prevents refrigerant leakage

• Disadvantages:

  • Not serviceable (must be replaced if damaged)

• Applications:

  • Small air conditioners, Clivet-compatible split systems

• Clivet Integration:

  • Used in light commercial packaged units or legacy products

Semi-Hermetic Reciprocating Compressors

• Design: Motor and compressor in one casing, bolted (not welded).

• Advantages:

  • Allows maintenance and part replacement

  • Durable and long-lasting

• Disadvantages:

  • More complex than hermetic models

• Applications:

  • Medium to large HVAC units, chillers, commercial refrigeration

• Clivet Relevance:

  • Could be integrated into modular systems or retrofits

Single-Stage vs. Two-Stage Reciprocating Compressors

Advantages of Reciprocating Compressors

• High Pressure Capability

• Relatively Low Cost

• Widely Available

• Simple to Control

• Suitable for Intermittent Duty Cycles

Limitations Compared to Screw or Scroll Compressors

Where Clivet May Use Reciprocating Compressors

• Backup/auxiliary cooling

• Older split units

• Portable air conditioners

• Custom projects in constrained spaces

Though Clivet now emphasizes scroll, screw, and centrifugal compressors in high-efficiency systems, reciprocating models may still be found in compact solutions or in hybrid retrofits.

Maintenance Tips

• Check valves regularly for leaks

• Monitor oil levels and refrigerant charge

• Ensure clean air filters to avoid piston stress

• Avoid over-cycling (turning on/off frequently)